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Archive for August, 2009

Mnemonic’s for BGP

Posted by Peter Kurdziel on August 13, 2009

Why laugh at me applying in out.

Weight  – apply inbound to influence outbound traffic.

local-pref – apply inbound to influence outbound traffic.

as-path – apply outbound to influence inbound traffic.

med – apply outbound to influence inbound traffic.

==========================================================

“We Love Oranges AS Oranges Mean Pure Refreshment”

W   Weight (Highest)
L   Local_Pref (Highest)
O   Originate (local originate)
AS  As_Path (shortest)
O   Origin Code (IGP < EGP < Incomplete)
M   MED (lowest)
P   Paths (External Paths preferred Over Internal)
R   Router ID (lowest)

================================================================

We – weight
Love – local preference
Algorithms – as-path
On – Origin
My – MED
Router – router-id

==============================================================

Discard all Worries before Leaving Rome As the Original Mis-information
Sound’s like a Neighbor’s Idea.

Discard = DISCARD unreachable next hop.
Worries= highest WEIGHT
Leaving=highest LOCALpreference
Rome=Originated on this ROUTER
As=shortest AS_PATH
Original=ORIGIN code
Mis-information=lowest MED
Sound=SOURCE (external or internal)
Neighbor’s=Closet IGP NEIGHBOR
Idea=lowest router ID

==============================

Filtering in BGP-

Request for Proposal – RFP

inbound

1. route-map
2. filter-list
3. prefix-list OR distribute-list

outbound is the opposite.
1. prefix-list OR distribute-list
2. filter-list
3. route-map

Posted in BGP, Routing & Switching Lab | Leave a Comment »

FD is Inaccessible

Posted by Peter Kurdziel on August 12, 2009

P x.x.x.x/24, 0 successors, FD is Inaccessible

sho ip ei top x.x.x.x.0 255.255.255.0
IP-EIGRP (AS 100): Topology entry for x.x.x.x/24
State is Passive, Query origin flag is 1, 0 Successor(s), FD is 4294967295
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
x.x.x.x (Vlan127), from x.x.x.x, Send flag is 0×0
Composite metric is (2175232/2174976), Route is Internal
Vector metric:
Minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
Total delay is 20210 microseconds
Reliability is 255/255
Load is 1/255
Minimum MTU is 1500
Hop count is 3

I bounced the interface and it returned to normal.

” FD is inaccessible in the EIGRP topology table, the router is not using that EIGRP route in its routing table. Usually, the route is overridden by another routing protocol that has lower administrative distance”. =  Trouble Shooting IP Routing Protocols, the EIGRP chapter.

This might be some sort of IOS bug since this happens on reboot.

Posted in EIGRP, Real World, Routing & Switching Lab, Troubleshooting | Leave a Comment »

224.0.0.0/24 Address’

Posted by Peter Kurdziel on August 11, 2009

(224.0.0/24) Local Network Control Block
Address Description References
224.0.0.0 Base address. RFC 1112
224.0.0.1 All systems on this subnet. RFC 1112
224.0.0.2 All routers on this subnet.
224.0.0.3
224.0.0.4 DVMRP, Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol. RFC 1075
224.0.0.5 OSPF, Open Shortest Path First Routing Protocol (all routers). RFC 2328
224.0.0.6 OSPF, Open Shortest Path First Routing Protocol (designated routers). RFC 2328
224.0.0.7 ST, Internet Stream Protocol (routers). RFC 1190
224.0.0.8 ST, Internet Stream Protocol (hosts). RFC 1190
224.0.0.9 RIP, Routing Information Protocol version 2. RFC 1723
224.0.0.10 EIGRP, Enhanced IGRP.
IGRP, Interior Gateway Routing Protocol.
224.0.0.11 Mobile-Agents.
224.0.0.12 DHCP server / relay agent. RFC 1884
224.0.0.13 PIM, Protocol Independent Multicast.
224.0.0.14 RSVP-ENCAPSULATION.
224.0.0.15 CBT, Core Based Trees.
224.0.0.16 Designated-sbm.
224.0.0.17 all-sbms.
224.0.0.18 VRRP, Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol. RFC 3768
224.0.0.19 IPAllL1ISs.
224.0.0.20 IPAllL2ISs.
224.0.0.21 IPAllIntermediate Systems.
224.0.0.22 IGMP, Internet Group Management Protocol.
224.0.0.23 GLOBECAST-ID.
224.0.0.24 OSPFIGP-TE. RFC 4973
224.0.0.25 router-to-switch.
224.0.0.26
224.0.0.27 Al MPP Hello.
224.0.0.28 ETC Control.
224.0.0.29 GE-FANUC.
224.0.0.30 indigo-vhdp.
224.0.0.31 shinbroadband.
224.0.0.32 digistar.
224.0.0.33 ff-system-management.
224.0.0.34 pt2-discover.
224.0.0.35 DXCLUSTER.
224.0.0.36 DTCP Announcement.
224.0.0.37
-
224.0.0.68
zeroconfaddr.
224.0.0.69
-
224.0.0.100
224.0.0.101 cisco-nhap.
224.0.0.102 HSRP.
224.0.0.103 MDAP.
224.0.0.104 Nokia MC CH.
224.0.0.105 ff-lr-address.
224.0.0.106 All-Snoopers. RFC 4286
224.0.0.107 PTP-pdelay.
224.0.0.108
-
224.0.0.250
224.0.0.251 mDNS, Multicast DNS.
224.0.0.252 Link-local Multicast Name Resolution. RFC 4795
224.0.0.253 Teredo.
224.0.0.254 RFC3692-style Experiment. RFC 4727
224.0.0.255

(224.0.1/24) Internetwork Control Block
Address Description References
224.0.1.0 VMTP Managers.
224.0.1.1 NTP, Network Time Protocol.
224.0.1.2 SGI-Dogfight.
224.0.1.3 Rwhod.
224.0.1.4 VNP.
224.0.1.5 Artificial Horizons – Aviator.
224.0.1.6 NSS, Name Service Server.
224.0.1.7 AUDIONEWS – Audio News Multicast.
224.0.1.8 SUN NIS+ Information Service.
224.0.1.9 MTP, Multicast Transport Protocol.
224.0.1.10 IETF-1-LOW-AUDIO.
224.0.1.11 IETF-1-AUDIO.
224.0.1.12 IETF-1-VIDEO.
224.0.1.13 IETF-2-LOW-AUDIO.
224.0.1.14 IETF-2-AUDIO.
224.0.1.15 IETF-2-VIDEO.
224.0.1.16 MUSIC-SERVICE.
224.0.1.17 SEANET-TELEMETRY.
224.0.1.18 SEANET-IMAGE.
224.0.1.19 MLOADD.
224.0.1.20 Any private experiment.
224.0.1.21 DVMRP on MOSPF.
224.0.1.22 SVRLOC.
224.0.1.23 XINGTV.
224.0.1.24 microsoft-ds.
224.0.1.25 nbc-pro.
224.0.1.26 nbc-pfn.
224.0.1.27 lmsc-calren-1.
224.0.1.28 lmsc-calren-2.
224.0.1.29 lmsc-calren-3.
224.0.1.30 lmsc-calren-4.
224.0.1.31 ampr-info.
224.0.1.32 mtrace.
224.0.1.33 RSVP-encap-1.
224.0.1.34 RSVP-encap-2.
224.0.1.35 SVRLOC-DA.
224.0.1.36 rln-server.
224.0.1.37 proshare-mc.
224.0.1.38
224.0.1.39 cisco-rp-announce.
224.0.1.40 cisco-rp-discovery.
224.0.1.41 gatekeeper.
224.0.1.42 iberiagames.
224.0.1.43 nwn-discovery.
224.0.1.44 nwn-adaptor.
224.0.1.45 isma-1.
224.0.1.46 isma-2.
224.0.1.47 telerate.
224.0.1.48 ciena.
224.0.1.49 DCAP servers.
224.0.1.50 DCAP clients.
224.0.1.51 mcntp-directory.
224.0.1.52 mbone-vcr-directory.
224.0.1.53 heartbeat.
224.0.1.54 sun-mc-grp.
224.0.1.55 extended-sys.
224.0.1.56 pdrncs.
224.0.1.57 tns-adv-multi.
224.0.1.58 vcals-dmu.
224.0.1.59 zuba.
224.0.1.60 hp-device-disc.
224.0.1.61 tms-production.
224.0.1.62 sunscalar.
224.0.1.63 mmtp-poll.
224.0.1.64 compaq-peer.
224.0.1.65 iapp.
224.0.1.66 multihasc-com.
224.0.1.67 serv-discovery.
224.0.1.68 mdhcpdisover. RFC 2730
224.0.1.69 MMP-bundle-discovery1.
224.0.1.70 MMP-bundle-discovery2.
224.0.1.71 XYPOINT DGPS Data Feed.
224.0.1.72 GilatSkySurfer.
224.0.1.73 SharesLive.
224.0.1.74 NorthernData.
224.0.1.75 SIP, Session Initiation Protocol. (all servers).
224.0.1.76 IAPP.
224.0.1.77 AGENTVIEW.
224.0.1.78 Tibco Multicast1.
224.0.1.79 Tibco Multicast2.
224.0.1.80 MSP.
224.0.1.81 OTT (One-way Trip Time).
224.0.1.82 TRACKTICKER.
224.0.1.83 dtn-mc.
224.0.1.84 jini-announcement.
224.0.1.85 jini-request.
224.0.1.86 sde-discovery.
224.0.1.87 DirecPC-SI.
224.0.1.88 B1RMonitor.
224.0.1.185 ASAP, Aggregate Server Access Protocol. RFC 5352

(239.255.255/24) Internetwork Control Block
Address Description References
239.255.255.250 SSDP, Simple Service Discovery Protocol.

Variable Scope Multicast Addresses
Address Description References
FF0x:0:0:0:0:0:0:133 ASAP, Aggregate Server Access Protocol. RFC 53

source: http://www.networksorcery.com/enp/protocol/ip/multicast.htm

Posted in Multicast, Routing & Switching Lab | Leave a Comment »

TCL scripts for routers and Macros for switches to check connectivity.

Posted by Peter Kurdziel on August 7, 2009

TCL Script to ping:

R1#tclsh
foreach address {
10.0.0.1
} { ping $address rep 3 time 1 }     <——ping  repeat 3 timeout 1  - to speed things up.

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 10, 1500-byte ICMP Echos to 10.0.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!!!!!!

tclquit <—-don’t forget this!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Define a Ping Macro for Catalyst Switches:

SW1(config-if)#macro name PING
do ping 10.0.0.100 rep 3 time 1
@

SW1(config)#macro global apply PING

Posted in Routing & Switching Lab, Troubleshooting | Leave a Comment »

The Evolution of Data Center Networking – Expert Speaker Night

Posted by Peter Kurdziel on August 4, 2009

The NY Cisco Technology Meetup Group invites you to join our Expert Speaker night and hear from Rich Grayson, Systems Architect at Cisco Systems, how the Data Center networking protocols are evolving and what the future outlook is for networking in the Data Center.

Speaker Spotlight

Rich Grayson is a well recognized Systems Architect at Cisco Systems and a Subject Matter Expert in Data Center technologies. Currently, he works closely with diverse companies based in the Tri-State area to help them design low latency, highly available and scalable Data Center networks.

http://www.meetup.com/nycisco/calendar/10794257/

Posted in Real World, Routing & Switching Lab | Leave a Comment »

I see I am getting a lot of hits from the NY/NJ area. There is a study group if anyone is interested.

Posted by Peter Kurdziel on August 3, 2009

I see I am getting a lot of hits from the NY/NJ area via my flag counter.

I recently came across a Cisco study group in NYC.  I have not had a chance to attend a meeting yet but I am looking forward to going to a meeting.

http://www.meetup.com/nycisco/

Posted in Real World, Routing & Switching Lab | Leave a Comment »

Free mock lab with free rack time!!!

Posted by Peter Kurdziel on August 3, 2009

This is a great resource in my opinion. I like graded labs because they help identify your weak points.

http://www.ipexpert.com/index.cfm/product/sku/IPX0742

Select buy now.

Posted in Routing & Switching Lab | Leave a Comment »

 
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